By Wing Commander 
The EADS Socata TBM 850 is a high-performance, single-engine turboprop aircraft that has earned a reputation for its speed, efficiency, and versatility. Manufactured by the French company Socata (now Daher), the TBM 850 is an evolution of the earlier TBM 700 model, designed for business aviation and private ownership. With its powerful Pratt & Whitney PT6A-66D engine and advanced avionics, the TBM 850 offers jet-like performance with the cost-efficiency of a turboprop. This article provides an in-depth look at the aircraft’s development, performance characteristics, design features, and its place in the aviation market.
I. Historical Development and Background
The TBM series traces its roots back to the late 1980s when Socata collaborated with Mooney Aircraft to create a high-performance business turboprop. This partnership led to the development of the TBM 700, which was introduced in 1990 as one of the first single-engine turboprops capable of pressurized flight. The TBM 700 quickly gained popularity for its combination of speed, range, and operational efficiency.
The Evolution to the TBM 850
In 2006, Socata introduced the TBM 850 as an upgrade to the TBM 700. The primary enhancement was a more powerful Pratt & Whitney PT6A-66D engine, which delivered 850 shaft horsepower (shp), compared to the TBM 700’s 700 shp. This increase in power allowed for higher cruising speeds and improved climb performance, making the TBM 850 one of the fastest single-engine turboprops on the market at that time.
Despite its increased power, the TBM 850 retained many of the design features that made the TBM 700 successful. It was still a low-wing monoplane with retractable tricycle landing gear and could accommodate up to six passengers in a pressurized cabin. The aircraft’s sleek design and high performance made it a popular choice among business travelers and owner-pilots seeking an alternative to light jets.
Market Positioning
Socata marketed the TBM 850 as a viable alternative to very light jets (VLJs), which were gaining attention in the mid-2000s. The company emphasized that while VLJs offered higher speeds, they also came with higher operating costs and more complex systems. In contrast, the TBM 850 provided similar performance at lower altitudes and with significantly lower fuel consumption. This combination of speed, range, and efficiency made it an attractive option for those who needed fast, long-range travel but wanted to avoid the costs associated with jet ownership.
II. Performance Characteristics
One of the defining features of the TBM 850 is its impressive performance. The aircraft is powered by a Pratt & Whitney PT6A-66D engine, flat-rated at 850 shp. This engine allows for exceptional speed and climb capabilities while maintaining fuel efficiency.
Speed and Range
The TBM 850 can cruise at speeds of up to 320 knots (593 km/h) at altitudes as high as 31,000 feet. This makes it one of the fastest single-engine turboprops in production during its time. In comparison to its predecessor, the TBM 700, which had a maximum cruise speed of around 300 knots, the TBM 850’s additional power provided a noticeable improvement in speed.
In terms of range, the aircraft can travel up to 1,585 nautical miles (2,935 kilometers) on a full tank of fuel under optimal conditions. This range allows for non-stop flights between major cities such as New York and Miami or London and Rome. The aircraft’s fuel economy is also noteworthy; it consumes approximately 12.25 nautical miles per gallon (5.993 kilometers per liter), making it highly efficient for long-distance travel.
Climb Performance
The enhanced power output from the PT6A-66D engine gives the TBM 850 excellent climb performance. The aircraft can ascend at a rate of 2,005 feet per minute (10.19 meters per second), allowing it to reach cruising altitude quickly. This is particularly beneficial for flights that require rapid ascents to avoid weather or air traffic congestion.
Takeoff and Landing Distances
The TBM 850 is designed to operate from relatively short runways, making it suitable for use at smaller airports that may not be accessible to larger jets. The aircraft requires just 866 meters (2,841 feet) for takeoff at maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) and can land in as little as 741 meters (2,431 feet) under standard conditions.
These short-field capabilities are further enhanced by features such as large Fowler flaps on the wings’ trailing edges and robust landing gear designed for rough terrain operations. This makes the TBM 850 versatile enough to handle both paved runways and more rugged airstrips.
Service Ceiling
The service ceiling of 31,000 feet allows pilots to fly above most weather systems and commercial air traffic, providing smoother flights and greater fuel efficiency at higher altitudes.
III. Design Features
The design of the Socata TBM 850 reflects its dual focus on performance and comfort. While it is primarily aimed at business travelers who value speed and efficiency, it also offers a level of luxury that appeals to private owners.
Cabin Design
The cabin of the TBM 850 is designed to accommodate up to six passengers in a pressurized environment. It features club-style seating with four forward-facing seats arranged around a central table in most configurations. The cabin dimensions are:
- Cabin Height: 1.2 meters (3.94 feet)
- Cabin Width: 1 meter (3.28 feet)
- Cabin Length: 4.1 meters (13.45 feet)
While these dimensions may seem modest compared to larger business jets, they provide ample space for passengers on shorter flights or regional trips.
Avionics Suite
One of the key upgrades introduced with later models of the TBM 850 was the inclusion of Garmin G1000 avionics as standard equipment starting in 2008. The G1000 system integrates all flight instruments into two large LCD displays—one serving as a primary flight display (PFD) and another as a multifunction display (MFD). This all-glass cockpit provides pilots with real-time data on navigation, weather conditions via XM Weather Link services, traffic collision avoidance systems (TCAS), terrain awareness systems (TAS), and more.
This advanced avionics suite simplifies flight operations by consolidating critical information into an easy-to-read format while also reducing pilot workload through automation features like autopilot integration.
Engine Management
The PT6A-66D engine powering this aircraft is equipped with Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC), allowing pilots precise control over engine parameters without manual adjustments required during different phases like takeoff or cruise settings—this results not only in smoother operation but also improved fuel economy throughout each phase-of-flight transition
Citations:
[1] https://www.globalair.com/aircraft-for-sale/specifications?specid=934
[2] https://skybrary.aero/aircraft/tbm8
[3] https://www.aircharteradvisors.com/socata-tbm-850/
[4] https://jetav.com/socata-tbm850-specs-and-description/
[5] https://www.aviationconsumer.com/aircraftreviews/tbm-850-who-needs-a-vlj/
[6] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCATA_TBM
[7] https://www.planeandpilotmag.com/article/tbm-850-scorching-the-airways-with-style/
[8] https://www.australianflying.com.au/news/tbm-850-flight-test-truly-awesome-speed-machine
IV. Operational Efficiency and Versatility
The EADS Socata TBM 850 is renowned for its operational efficiency, making it a favorite among business travelers, private owners, and even government agencies. Its combination of speed, range, and fuel economy allows it to perform a wide variety of missions, from short regional hops to long-distance international flights. In this section, we will explore the aircraft’s operational costs, maintenance requirements, and its versatility in different flight environments.
Fuel Efficiency and Cost-Effectiveness
One of the TBM 850’s most appealing features is its fuel efficiency. The aircraft’s Pratt & Whitney PT6A-66D engine is designed to deliver high performance without the excessive fuel consumption typically associated with jet-powered aircraft. With a fuel consumption rate of approximately 12.25 nautical miles per gallon (5.993 kilometers per liter), the TBM 850 offers a significant advantage over light jets in terms of operating costs.
For instance, on a typical 1,000-nautical-mile trip, the TBM 850 would consume roughly 81 gallons (306 liters) of fuel. In comparison, a light jet covering the same distance might burn twice as much fuel, resulting in significantly higher operating expenses. This makes the TBM 850 an attractive option for owners who prioritize cost-efficiency without sacrificing performance.
Maintenance Considerations
The TBM 850 is also designed with ease of maintenance in mind. The Pratt & Whitney PT6A engine family is known for its reliability and relatively low maintenance requirements compared to jet engines. The PT6A-66D engine on the TBM 850 has a Time Between Overhaul (TBO) of 3,500 hours, which means that operators can fly for extended periods before requiring major engine work.
In addition to the engine’s durability, the TBM 850 benefits from Socata’s robust support network. Daher (formerly EADS Socata) provides comprehensive maintenance services through its global network of authorized service centers. This ensures that owners have access to parts and technical support no matter where they are operating.
Versatility in Flight Operations
The TBM 850’s design allows it to excel in a variety of flight environments. Its ability to operate from short runways and rough airstrips makes it suitable for use in remote locations or smaller airports that are inaccessible to larger aircraft. This versatility is particularly valuable for business travelers who need to reach destinations that may not be served by commercial airlines or larger jets.
Moreover, the aircraft’s high service ceiling of 31,000 feet enables it to fly above most weather systems, providing smoother flights and avoiding turbulence at lower altitudes. This capability is especially important for long-distance flights where weather conditions can vary significantly along the route.
Landing on Short Runways and Rough Terrain
The TBM 850’s landing gear is robust enough to handle rough terrain and short runways with ease. With a landing distance of just 741 meters (2,431 feet), the aircraft can land at smaller airports or airstrips that would be challenging for other turboprops or jets. This feature makes it an ideal choice for operators who need access to remote or underdeveloped areas.
Additionally, the aircraft’s large Fowler flaps enhance its low-speed handling characteristics during landing approaches. These flaps increase lift at lower speeds, allowing pilots to maintain better control during short-field landings.
Precision Flying in All Weather Conditions
Another key advantage of the TBM 850 is its ability to handle precision flying in various weather conditions. The Garmin G1000 avionics suite includes advanced features such as Synthetic Vision Technology (SVT), which provides pilots with a three-dimensional view of terrain and obstacles even in poor visibility conditions. This improves situational awareness and enhances safety during instrument flight rules (IFR) operations.
The aircraft is also equipped with weather radar and XM Weather Link services, allowing pilots to monitor real-time weather conditions along their route. This helps them make informed decisions about course adjustments or altitude changes to avoid turbulence or storms.
V. Market Impact and Competitors
Since its introduction in 2006, the EADS Socata TBM 850 has had a significant impact on the market for high-performance turboprops and light business aircraft. Its combination of speed, range, and cost-efficiency has made it a popular choice among business travelers and private owners alike.
Competing Aircraft Models
The TBM 850 faces competition from several other turboprop models as well as light jets. Some of its main competitors include:
- Pilatus PC-12: The Pilatus PC-12 is another single-engine turboprop known for its versatility and ruggedness. While it offers more cabin space than the TBM 850 (seating up to nine passengers), it is slower with a maximum cruise speed of around 285 knots compared to the TBM 850’s 320 knots.
- Piper Meridian M600: The Piper Meridian M600 is another competitor in the single-engine turboprop market. It features similar performance characteristics but has a slightly lower maximum cruise speed (274 knots) and range (1,484 nautical miles). However, it comes at a lower price point than the TBM 850.
- Beechcraft King Air C90GTx: The King Air C90GTx is a twin-engine turboprop that offers more redundancy with two engines but comes with higher operating costs due to increased fuel consumption and maintenance requirements. It also has a lower cruise speed (270 knots) compared to the TBM 850.
Advantages Over Light Jets
While light jets such as the Cessna Citation Mustang or Embraer Phenom 100 offer higher speeds than turboprops like the TBM 850, they come with several disadvantages:
- Higher Operating Costs: Jets typically burn more fuel than turboprops at similar altitudes and distances.
- More Complex Systems: Jets require more complex systems management by pilots, which can increase workload during flight.
- Limited Runway Access: Jets often require longer runways than turboprops like the TBM 850 due to their higher landing speeds.
For many operators who prioritize cost-efficiency and versatility over sheer speed alone, these factors make turboprops like the TBM 850 an attractive alternative.
Resale Value
The resale value of used TBM aircraft has historically been strong due to their reputation for reliability and performance. Owners who maintain their aircraft well can expect good returns when selling on the secondary market—this further enhances their appeal among private owners looking for long-term investments.
VI. Conclusion: Why Choose the EADS Socata TBM 850?
The EADS Socata TBM 850 stands out as one of the most capable single-engine turboprops ever produced thanks to its combination of speed, range efficiency—and versatility across different flight environments—from short regional hops all way up long-distance international routes
VI. Conclusion: Why Choose the EADS Socata TBM 850?
The EADS Socata TBM 850 has earned its place as a standout in the world of high-performance single-engine turboprops. Its combination of speed, range, fuel efficiency, and versatility makes it a compelling choice for a wide range of operators, from business travelers to private owners and even government agencies. In this final section, we will summarize the key reasons why the TBM 850 remains a popular aircraft in its class and how it continues to compete effectively in the aviation market.
1. Jet-Like Performance with Turboprop Efficiency
One of the most significant selling points of the TBM 850 is its ability to deliver jet-like performance while maintaining the cost-efficiency of a turboprop. With a maximum cruise speed of 320 knots (593 km/h) and a range of 1,585 nautical miles (2,935 kilometers), the TBM 850 can compete with many light jets in terms of speed and distance. However, its fuel consumption is significantly lower than that of comparable jets, making it a more economical option for long-distance travel.
The aircraft’s Pratt & Whitney PT6A-66D engine, producing 850 shaft horsepower, allows for rapid climbs and high-altitude cruising without sacrificing fuel efficiency. This balance between power and economy is one of the primary reasons why the TBM 850 is preferred by operators who need fast, reliable transportation without incurring the high operating costs associated with jet aircraft.
2. Versatility Across Different Flight Environments
The TBM 850’s ability to operate from short runways and rough airstrips gives it a level of versatility that many jets simply cannot match. With a takeoff distance of 866 meters (2,841 feet) and a landing distance of 741 meters (2,431 feet), the aircraft can access smaller airports and remote locations that are off-limits to larger jets. This capability is particularly valuable for operators who need to reach destinations that may not be served by commercial airlines or larger business jets.
Additionally, the aircraft’s robust landing gear and large Fowler flaps make it well-suited for operations on rough terrain or less-than-ideal runway conditions. Whether flying into major metropolitan airports or remote airstrips in challenging environments, the TBM 850 can handle both with ease.
3. Advanced Avionics for Enhanced Safety and Ease of Operation
The inclusion of the Garmin G1000 avionics suite in later models of the TBM 850 represents a significant upgrade in terms of safety and ease of operation. The all-glass cockpit provides pilots with real-time data on navigation, weather conditions, traffic avoidance, terrain awareness, and more. Features like Synthetic Vision Technology (SVT) enhance situational awareness by providing a three-dimensional view of terrain and obstacles even in poor visibility conditions.
The integration of Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) simplifies engine management by automating many aspects of engine operation, reducing pilot workload during critical phases of flight such as takeoff and landing. These advanced avionics systems not only improve safety but also make the TBM 850 easier to fly, even for less experienced pilots.
4. Comfortable Cabin for Business or Leisure Travel
While performance is undoubtedly important, comfort is also a key consideration for many operators—especially those using the aircraft for business travel or personal use. The TBM 850’s cabin is designed to accommodate up to six passengers in a pressurized environment, providing a comfortable space for regional or long-distance flights.
The cabin features club-style seating with four forward-facing seats arranged around a central table in most configurations. While not as spacious as larger business jets, the cabin dimensions—1.2 meters (3.94 feet) in height, 1 meter (3.28 feet) in width, and 4.1 meters (13.45 feet) in length—are sufficient for most trips under three hours.
For those who prioritize comfort without needing the space or cost associated with larger jets, the TBM 850 offers an ideal balance between luxury and practicality.
5. Strong Resale Value and Long-Term Investment
Another factor that makes the TBM 850 an attractive option is its strong resale value. Thanks to its reputation for reliability and performance, used TBM aircraft tend to hold their value well on the secondary market. Owners who maintain their aircraft properly can expect good returns when selling or trading up to newer models.
This strong resale value further enhances the appeal of the TBM 850 as a long-term investment for private owners or businesses looking to acquire an aircraft that will retain its worth over time.
6. Competing Effectively Against Light Jets
Despite facing competition from light jets like the Cessna Citation Mustang and Embraer Phenom 100, the TBM 850 continues to hold its own in terms of market share. While light jets offer higher speeds at higher altitudes, they also come with higher operating costs due to increased fuel consumption and more complex systems management.
For many operators who prioritize cost-efficiency over sheer speed alone, turboprops like the TBM 850 offer a compelling alternative. The ability to operate from shorter runways, lower fuel consumption rates, and simpler systems management make turboprops like the TBM 850 more practical for certain types of missions—particularly those involving shorter distances or less accessible airports.
VII. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. How much does a Socata TBM 850 cost?
The price of a new Socata TBM 850 was approximately US$3.1 million at launch in 2006; however, prices on the used market vary depending on factors such as age, condition, avionics upgrades, and total flight hours.
2. What is the range of the Socata TBM 850?
The maximum range of the Socata TBM 850 is approximately 1,585 nautical miles (2,935 kilometers) under optimal conditions with full fuel tanks.
3. How fast can a Socata TBM 850 fly?
The maximum cruise speed of the Socata TBM 850 is 320 knots (593 km/h) at an altitude of up to 31,000 feet.
4. How many passengers can fit inside a Socata TBM 850?
The cabin can accommodate up to six passengers in standard configurations; however, some configurations may feature fewer seats depending on interior customization options.
5. What kind of engine powers the Socata TBM 850?
The Socata TBM 850 is powered by a single Pratt & Whitney PT6A-66D turboprop engine capable of producing up to 850 shaft horsepower (shp).
VIII. Final Thoughts
In conclusion, the EADS Socata TBM 850 remains one of the most capable single-engine turboprops ever produced thanks to its combination of speed, range efficiency—and versatility across different flight environments—from short regional hops all way up long-distance international routes.